Optimal. Leaf size=397 \[ -\frac{\sqrt [4]{c} \left (\sqrt{a} b \sqrt{c}-6 a c+2 b^2\right ) \left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right ) \sqrt{\frac{a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right )^2}} \text{EllipticF}\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac{1}{4} \left (2-\frac{b}{\sqrt{a} \sqrt{c}}\right )\right )}{30 a^{7/4} \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}+\frac{2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a^2 x}-\frac{2 \sqrt{c} x \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a^2 \left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right )}+\frac{2 \sqrt [4]{c} \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right ) \sqrt{\frac{a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac{1}{4} \left (2-\frac{b}{\sqrt{a} \sqrt{c}}\right )\right )}{15 a^{7/4} \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac{b \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a x^3}-\frac{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{5 x^5} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A] time = 0.2611, antiderivative size = 397, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 20, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.25, Rules used = {1117, 1281, 1197, 1103, 1195} \[ \frac{2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a^2 x}-\frac{2 \sqrt{c} x \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a^2 \left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right )}-\frac{\sqrt [4]{c} \left (\sqrt{a} b \sqrt{c}-6 a c+2 b^2\right ) \left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right ) \sqrt{\frac{a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac{1}{4} \left (2-\frac{b}{\sqrt{a} \sqrt{c}}\right )\right )}{30 a^{7/4} \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}+\frac{2 \sqrt [4]{c} \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right ) \sqrt{\frac{a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac{1}{4} \left (2-\frac{b}{\sqrt{a} \sqrt{c}}\right )\right )}{15 a^{7/4} \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac{b \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a x^3}-\frac{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{5 x^5} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 1117
Rule 1281
Rule 1197
Rule 1103
Rule 1195
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{x^6} \, dx &=-\frac{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{5 x^5}+\frac{1}{5} \int \frac{b+2 c x^2}{x^4 \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{5 x^5}-\frac{b \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a x^3}-\frac{\int \frac{2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right )+b c x^2}{x^2 \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{15 a}\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{5 x^5}-\frac{b \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a x^3}+\frac{2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a^2 x}+\frac{\int \frac{-a b c-2 c \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) x^2}{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{15 a^2}\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{5 x^5}-\frac{b \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a x^3}+\frac{2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a^2 x}+\frac{\left (2 \sqrt{c} \left (b^2-3 a c\right )\right ) \int \frac{1-\frac{\sqrt{c} x^2}{\sqrt{a}}}{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{15 a^{3/2}}--\frac{\left (-\sqrt{a} b c^{3/2}-2 c \left (b^2-3 a c\right )\right ) \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{15 a^{3/2} \sqrt{c}}\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{5 x^5}-\frac{b \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a x^3}+\frac{2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a^2 x}-\frac{2 \sqrt{c} \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) x \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}{15 a^2 \left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right )}+\frac{2 \sqrt [4]{c} \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right ) \sqrt{\frac{a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac{1}{4} \left (2-\frac{b}{\sqrt{a} \sqrt{c}}\right )\right )}{15 a^{7/4} \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac{\sqrt [4]{c} \left (2 b^2+\sqrt{a} b \sqrt{c}-6 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right ) \sqrt{\frac{a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac{1}{4} \left (2-\frac{b}{\sqrt{a} \sqrt{c}}\right )\right )}{30 a^{7/4} \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [C] time = 1.34032, size = 530, normalized size = 1.34 \[ \frac{i x^5 \left (b^2 \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}-3 a c \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+4 a b c-b^3\right ) \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}} \sqrt{\frac{-2 \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+2 b+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}} \text{EllipticF}\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{2} x \sqrt{\frac{c}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right ),\frac{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right )-2 \sqrt{\frac{c}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}} \left (a^2 \left (4 b x^2+9 c x^4\right )+3 a^3+a \left (-b^2 x^4+7 b c x^6+6 c^2 x^8\right )-2 b^2 x^6 \left (b+c x^2\right )\right )-i x^5 \left (b^2-3 a c\right ) \left (\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}-b\right ) \sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}} \sqrt{\frac{-2 \sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+2 b+4 c x^2}{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}} E\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{2} \sqrt{\frac{c}{b+\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac{b+\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{30 a^2 x^5 \sqrt{\frac{c}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}+b}} \sqrt{a+b x^2+c x^4}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maple [A] time = 0.226, size = 452, normalized size = 1.1 \begin{align*} -{\frac{1}{5\,{x}^{5}}\sqrt{c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}-{\frac{b}{15\,a{x}^{3}}\sqrt{c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}-{\frac{6\,ac-2\,{b}^{2}}{15\,{a}^{2}x}\sqrt{c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}-{\frac{bc\sqrt{2}}{60\,a}\sqrt{4-2\,{\frac{ \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ){x}^{2}}{a}}}\sqrt{4+2\,{\frac{ \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ){x}^{2}}{a}}}{\it EllipticF} \left ({\frac{x\sqrt{2}}{2}\sqrt{{\frac{1}{a} \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }}},{\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{-4+2\,{\frac{b \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }{ac}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{{\frac{1}{a} \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }}}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}}}-{\frac{c \left ( 3\,ac-{b}^{2} \right ) \sqrt{2}}{15\,a}\sqrt{4-2\,{\frac{ \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ){x}^{2}}{a}}}\sqrt{4+2\,{\frac{ \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ){x}^{2}}{a}}} \left ({\it EllipticF} \left ({\frac{x\sqrt{2}}{2}\sqrt{{\frac{1}{a} \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }}},{\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{-4+2\,{\frac{b \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }{ac}}}} \right ) -{\it EllipticE} \left ({\frac{x\sqrt{2}}{2}\sqrt{{\frac{1}{a} \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }}},{\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{-4+2\,{\frac{b \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }{ac}}}} \right ) \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{{\frac{1}{a} \left ( -b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }}}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}} \left ( b+\sqrt{-4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) ^{-1}} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maxima [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{\sqrt{c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}{x^{6}}\,{d x} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fricas [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*}{\rm integral}\left (\frac{\sqrt{c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}{x^{6}}, x\right ) \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Sympy [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{\sqrt{a + b x^{2} + c x^{4}}}{x^{6}}\, dx \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Giac [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{\sqrt{c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}{x^{6}}\,{d x} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]